Gender Stereotyping in Televised Media Sport Coverage

Sex Roles: A Journal of Research,  Oct, 1999  by Nathalie Koivula

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     Percentage of Total Recorded Air Time (1,470 minutes) Devoted to
  Men and Women of Individual and Team Sports Labeled as Gender-Neutral,
             Feminine, and Masculine, for the Period 1995/1996
                Men Women Both/None [a] Total
Gender-neutral 16.5  5.5     0.8         22.8
  Individual   13.9  5.1     0.8         19.8
  Team          2.1  0.4     0            2.5
Feminine        0.5  1.1     0.4          2.0
  Individual    0.5  1.1     0.4          2.0
  Team          0    0       0            0
Masculine      49.6  2.4     0.2         52.2
  Individual   10.9  1.8     0.2         12.9
  Team         38.7  0.6     0           39.3
Total          66.6  9.0     1.3         76.9
Other topics                             23.1
(a.)Either both men and women or the sport in general.
      Percentage of Total Recorded Air Time (528 minutes) Devoted to
  Men and Women of Individual and Team Sports Labeled as Gender-Neutral,
               Feminine, and Masculine, for the Period 1998
                Men Women Both/None [a] Total
Gender-neutral 35.0 10.2     2.0        47.2
  Individual   31.5 10.1     1.7        43.2
  Team          3.5  0.2     0.3         4.0
Feminine        1.7  0.8     0.8         3.2
  Individual    1.7  0.8     0.8         3.2
  Team          0    0       0           0
Masculine      40.3  0.7     0.1        41.1
  Individual    7.4  0.3     0.1         7.8
  Team         33.0  0.4     0          33.3
Total          77.0 11.7     2.8        91.5
Other topics                             8.5
(a.)Either both men and women or the sport in general.
              Percentage of Coverage on Men and Women in the
                 Different Categories of Sports Devoted to
                   Interviews of Men and Women Athletes
      Gender-Neutral Feminine Masculine
Men        17.7        23.9     13.8
Women      29.4         5.2     21.6
             Gender Making in Sports News Broadcasting for Men
            and Women in Sports Categorized as Gender-Neutral,
                        Feminine, and Mascu1ine [a]
      Gender-Neutral Feminine Masculine Total
Men        11.5        18.2      1.3     5.2
Women      54.9        38.5     87.8    60.9
(a.)Percentage gender markings out of total number
of sport citations for each sport category.
             The Choice of Noun for Gender of Participant Used
              by Reporters and Commentators when Referring to
                          Athletes (Percentages)
                Men Women
Man/woman      40.4   9.6
Gentleman/lady 24.2  54.2
Boys/girls      0     8.4
Old fellow      7.1   0
Informal [a]   28.3  27.7
Totatl         100  100
(a.)For females: babe, bird, broad, chick, dame.
For males: chap, fellow, guy, lad.
                Namings Used by Reporters and Commentators
                 When Referring to Athletes (Percentages)
                Men  Women
First name       5.1  21.5
Last name       29.1  18.2
First and Last  65.8  60.4
Total          100   100

COPYRIGHT 1999 Plenum Publishing Corporation
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